医脉通编译,转载请注明出处
2016年6月3-7日,一年一度的美国临床肿瘤学会(American Society of Clinical Oncology,ASCO)年会于芝加哥举办。6月5日上午肺癌-局部区域非小细胞肺癌/小细胞肺癌/其它胸部肿瘤口头报告专场上,来自纪念 Sloan Kettering 癌症中心的 Charles M. Rudin 博士报告了一项摘要号为 LBA8505 的 Ⅰ 期试验的结果。该研究显示新型抗体偶联药物 Rova-T 治疗 DLL3 阳性小细胞肺癌初步显示出疗效。医脉通整理报道。
新型抗体偶联药物(ADC)Rovalpituzumab tesirine(Rova-T)在第一个人体临床试验中显示出了有希望的早期结果。该药将一种新型的 DLL3 抗体与一种有效的抗癌药物结合,用于治疗复发的小细胞肺癌(SCLC)。结果显示89%的 DLL3 高水平肿瘤停止了生长,39的患者肿瘤体积退缩。
“近几年来,在 SCLC 治疗领域,我们见到的成果太少了,这使所有可能有效的早期迹象都令人倍受鼓舞”,研究的第一作者,纪念 Sloan Kettering 癌症中心胸部肿瘤科的肿瘤内科医生 Charles M. Rudin 博士表示,“尽管这些结果还处于初期结果,但是 Rova-T 似乎能够成为第一个小细胞肺癌领域的靶向药物,我们可能已经可以确定 DLL3 是小细胞肺癌的第一个预测性生物标志物。”
作为一种 ADC,Rova-T 是将 DLL3 抗体和具有损伤 DNA 作用的癌细胞杀伤药物 pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer 进行共价结合获得的。复合物中的抗体部分用于携带抗癌药物与靶细胞结合。
将近2/3的 SCLC 患者的癌细胞表面有高水平的 DLL3,而该蛋白并不会出现在正常成年人组织的细胞表面。目前已经明确 DLL3 调控 SCLC 的癌症干细胞生物学行为。而 Rova-T 是 DLL3 的第一个靶向药物。
这项 Ⅰ 期研究入组了74位 SCLC 患者,均为接受过至少1种全身治疗并发生进展的患者。大约2/3的患者确诊时为广泛期 SCLC,另外1/3患者为局限期 SCLC。研究人员评估了可获得组织标本的肿瘤组织的 DLL3 水平。
研究结果
可评估患者中,11/60(18%)患者出现肿瘤退缩,41/60(68%)患者达到临床获益(至少疾病稳定)。几乎所有出现缓解的患者评估了 DLL3 水平。
在26位 DLL3 最高水平的患者中,10位(39%)获得缓解,该组中位总生存为5.8个月,1年生存率为32%。在该组中,Rova-T 作为3线治疗的12位患者缓解情况更好,50%患者肿瘤退缩(已确定为客观缓解)。
最常见的治疗相关严重毒性事件为浆膜腔积液、低血小板计数、皮肤反应。这些不良事件可通过药物进行常规管理,不需要特殊干预就可解决。
该早期试验的结果需要经过大型临床试验的确认。一项单臂 Ⅱ 期关键性试验已于今年早些时候开始了,该研究考察了该药治疗接受过至少二线治疗并进展的 DLL-3 阳性 SCLC 患者的疗效。其它即将开始的研究将会评估该药一线治疗 SCLC 的疗效以及治疗其它 DLL3 表达的神经内分泌肿瘤的疗效。
ASCO 评论
“这项研究是高特异性靶向治疗新浪潮的又一个例证,即将抗癌药物更精准的运输至需要它们的细胞”,ASCO 的肺癌专家 Gregory Masters 博士表示,“该研究的结果标志着在我们亟需更好的治疗方案的领域,出现了一种优秀的,具有成功可能的抗癌治疗方案。”
会议专题》》》2016年ASCO年会专题报道
摘要原文:
Safety and efficacy of single-agent rovalpituzumab tesirine (SC16LD6.5), a delta-like protein 3 (DLL3)-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) in recurrent or refractory small cell lung cancer (SCLC).(Abstract LBA8505)
Authors: Charles M. Rudin, et al.
Session Type: Oral Abstract Session: Lung Cancer—Non-Small Cell Local-Regional/Small Cell/Other Thoracic Cancer
Background: SCLC remains among the most deadly of malignancies. Rovalpituzumab tesirine is a first-in-class ADC comprised of a humanized monoclonal antibody against DLL3, a dipeptide linker, and a pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer toxin. DLL3 is highly expressed in neuroendocrine tumors, including approximately 80% of SCLC. The emerging results of the SCLC patients (pts) in a firstin-human study (NCT01901653) are reported here.
Methods: Pts with progressive SCLC after at least 1 previous systemic therapy were eligible. Efficacy was assessed by the investigator via RECIST v1.1, and toxicity graded per CTCAE v4.03. When available, archived tumor tissue was assessed retrospectively for DLL3 expression by immunohistochemistry.
Results: Seventy-four (74) pts were enrolled at dose levels ranging from 0.05 to 0.8 mg/kg at either q3w or q6w. Among evaluable pts treated at doses of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg, 15/61 (25%; 95% CI 15-37%) achieved a best response of PR or CR, and 44/61 (72%; 95% CI 59-83%) achieved clinical benefit (best response of at least SD). Among pts with available archive tissue specimens and ≥ 50% of cells expressing DLL3 (DLL3hi , an intended companion diagnostic cutoff), 12/22 (55%; 95% CI 32-76%) achieved a best response of PR or CR, and 20/22 (91%; 95% CI 71-99%) achieved clinical benefit, with a median overall survival of 8 (range 1-18+) months. In 3rd line DLL3hi pts (n = 10), where no approved therapy currently exists, the ORR and CBR were 70% and 90%, respectively, with at least 4 evaluable pts achieving OS of > 6 (8, 15, 18 and 18) months. Among responders treated at the phase 2 dose of 0.3 mg/kg, the median duration of response was 6 (range 1-8+) months. Among all SCLC pts, the most common grade 3+ toxicities considered study drug-related have included serosal effusions (14%), thrombocytopenia (12%) and skin reactions (8%).
Conclusions: With manageable toxicity, rovalpituzumab tesirine demonstrates encouraging single-agent anti-tumor activity and durability in recurrent or refractory SCLC. A single-arm pivotal study in 3rd line DLL3-expressing SCLC has been initiated.